Guyon’s canal also called ulnar tunnel or ulnar canal, is an anatomical fibro-osseous canal located on the medial side of the hand. It extends between the proximal boarder of the pisiform bone and distally at the hook of the hamate. The ulnar nerve and ulnar artery pass through the Guyon canal as they pass from distal forearm to the hand.
Description
The Guyon canal houses the ulnar nerve and its branches, ulnar artery and venous and lymphatic vessels. As the ulnar nerve exits the Guyon’s canal it is divided into deep (motor) branch of the ulnar nerve and superficial (sensory) branch of the ulnar nerve.
Boarders
- Roof: palmar carpal ligament, palmaris brevis and hypothenar connective tissue.
- Floor: transverse carpal ligament, pisohamete ligament, pismetacarpal ligament, flexor digitorum profundus tendons and opponens digiti minimi.
- Medial wall: pisiform, abductor digiti minimi and flexor carpi ulnaris tendon.
- Lateral wall: hook of hamete, transverse carpal ligament and the flexor tendons
Clinical Relevance
Guyon canal syndrome is the second reason for compression syndromes at the wrist after carpal tunnel syndrome. Compression of the ulnar nerve at the Guyon’s canal leads to specific sensory and motor symptoms according to the location of the compression.
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| Ulnar Canal - Guyon's Canal |
Hypothenar hand syndrome is caused by repeated trauma to the hypothenar region, resulting in injury to the ulnar artery in Guyon space.
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